Lost Custody Vocabulary [Effortless English DVD1 > LV2 > 05]

Welcome to the vocabulary lesson for the dear Abby letter,  “Lost Custody”. Let's get started.

“Young mother is frightened  by threat of lost custody.”

“To be frightened”, it means to be scared.  So “frightened” is the same as “scared”. He said, “I’m frightened”, it means “I'm scared” or it means “I'm afraid”.  Afraid; frightened; scared, all means the same thing.

And the word “custody” is important. “Custody” means "ownership". It means to own a person. It really means you are the person responsible for someone else. Usually we use this with children. For example, if I say, “I have custody of my son”, it means… mm.. I am the person responsible for my son.

 The government, the courts, the law says that I am the owner of my son. Right! I have custody that my son lives with me. So, that's what it means this woman, she's worried that her child; her son… she will lose custody. It means she thinks her… If they get it…  If she gets a divorce, her husband will get custody. Meaning the son will live with him. He will have custody.

Right. He will kind of own the child. The child will live with him.So, she's worried that if she gets a divorce the husband would get custody. She would lose her son.

And then “threat” in the same sentence, “she's frightened by the threat of lost custody.”

So this has not happened yet. "A threat”  is something that seems dangerous. It means ahmm… something that might hurt you but it hasn't hurt you yet. Not yet. But it might hurt you.

For example if I have a gun and I point the gun at you; I have the gun and I'm… I'm saying… yelling at you, saying, “I'm going to kill you!” that is a threat. All right. I have not hurt you yet. I have not killed you yet. But I'm saying I will. So it's a possible danger. It means someone could possibly hurt you. So, her husband could possibly take the child. It’s a threat of lost custody.

Alright and then... In the first paragraph at this letter, we have the word "belittles". "To be little". Ahh.. She says her husband always belittles me. Always belittles her. So "to belittle" means to insult and criticize. But, in a... in a really bad way you try to make someone feel small. (That's where the word come from belittle).

It means you... You always putting them down. Always saying bad things to them. So, for example, you're stupid, you're ugly, you'll never succeed, you're always going to fail. There's something wrong with you.

OKay. I'm belittling you. Alright, I am saying bad things to you. To make you feel very small, make you feel weak. So it's a verb "to belittle", to make someone feel small by insulting them again and again.

On the end in the second paragraph, we have the word "unfit". She says... the man... the husband might tell the judge, might tell the government that she is an unfit mother. "Unfit" means... not good enough, not good enough to be something. So, "unfit mother" means a mother whose not good enough to be a mom. Alright. She should not be a mother, she cannot take care of her children. She's unfit. She's not good enough. She can't do the job.

If you say, "He's an unfit teacher", it means he's not good enough to teach, he should not teach. And it's a very strong word. So, It doesn't mean bad. It's stronger than bad. If you say he is a bad teacher, it means... you know, maybe he's boring or maybe he's not very good, but it doesn't, "unfit" is more than that.

"Unfit" means terrible, terrible, terrible, should not be a teacher at all. Alright, does not have the skills. Maybe he never went to college, maybe he doesn't know the subject at all. That's why we would say he is unfit.So, "unfit mother", it's not just a bad mother. It's a mother who cannot take care of her child at all.

 Alright! And then in the next paragraph, we have the phrase "to be better off".

She says, "I know my son won't be better off with my husband." Won't be better off. "To be better off" to mean.. means to have a better situation or to have a better life.  Alright, it can also have the idea to have an improved their life. Improved.

So, she said, uhm... she doesn't think her son would have a better life with her husband. She thinks he would not be better off with the husband. Not have a better life.

And in the same paragraph, we see the phrase "on disability".

"On disability". Now "disability" means... ahh... Exactly what it says

 "ability" means you can do something, right? Some skill or something you can do. "Disability" means something you cannot do. Usually we use this word for something physical.

For example, if I'm in a wheelchair, it means I cannot walk, right? I don't have the ability to walk. I have a disability. I can't walk. I have a disability. Or If I'm blind, I can't see, then I say I have a disability. But this phrase, "to be on disability", it's a little different. Now she's talking about a government program. Disability, the american government pays money to people who have problems, physical problems. Maybe they can't work.

So the government will give them money every month. And that program, the government program is called "Disability". that's a kind of casual name for it.

So, "to be on disability" means you get a check from the government because you have some kind of problem. Now it might be a big problem, very serious, or it might actually be something fairly small. We don't now, in this letter we don't know if it's serious or not. But anyway she's getting a check from the government because of some physical problem or illness or something like that.

And finally, in the last little paragraph, she asked Abby, "Should I stick it out with my husband?"

"Should I stick it out". "To stick it out" means to stay, it means to continue doing something. For example, I'm going to stick it out at my job, that means I'm going to continue working my job.

Now "stick it out", we use it in situations that are... a difficult or unpleasant, not fine. Alright. So if you stick out a job, you say, "I'm going to stick it out at my job", it has the idea that your job is not fun. Alright, you don't like your job, but you will continue doing it anyway.

So, she doesn't really like her husband, but she's asking, "should I stick it out with my husband" meaning... okay, she doesn't enjoy your husband, she doesn't like him, but maybe she should keep trying anyway.  Maybe she should stay with him and continue with him anyway.

So, "stick it out", to continue with a situation that is not easy or that is unpleasant.

And finally she signs this, "Trapped in New Hampshire."

"New hampshire" is a state, it's a part of the United States, in the northeast, part of the country.

"To be trapped" means you can't leave. Alright! It means you're stucked. You are... For example, if I say "I'm trapped in my room", it means my door is locked and I cannot get out, I cannot leave my room, I'm trapped in the room.

"To be trapped in a job" means you are... you a're in a job but you can't leave the job. Maybe you can't find a new one. So you... But you need money so you can't leave the job, you're trapped in the job.

She feels trapped in her marriage. She doesn't like her husband. He's not a good guy, but she feels she can't leave, because she's afraid to lose her son.

So, she feels like she can't leave the marriage. So that's why she signs it "trapped in New Hampshire".

 Alright! That is all of the vocabulary for this little Dear Aabby letter.  Move on to the mini story next. 

Bye-bye!

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